Sunday, February 5, 2017

Schools don't teach this

joker mind loss - New President keeps his campaign promises And everyone looses their mind.

17 years

This is the minimum time spent by most of us getting a formal education.

2 years of Kindergarten
10 years of School (Primary and Secondary)
2 years of junior college (11th and 12th)
3 years of Degree College

Am not even taking into account the years invested in education by engineers, lawyers, doctors, PHDs and even those who do any sort of post graduation.

The vast majority of those who invest so many years in education do it at great cost. Both in monetary and non monetary terms. Being saddled with loans the priority is to secure a job which pays a handsome amount so that the loan emi is completely covered rather than looking for a role which offers learning and fulfillment.

This problem is not faced only by Indian schools but world over. Schools in the US are struggling with education children on basic financial lessons such as even opening a bank account.

In India, there are multiple reasons why children turn out to be financially illiterate adults. Some of them are:

a) Parents themselves are unaware about basic investing and insurance concepts
b) They trust what their parents did historically. For example: Fixed deposits being a safe investment destination. However they do not take into account that fixed deposit rates have been falling and inflation will end up pummeling whatever little returns a fixed deposit will offer. And I am not even counting the impact of TDS.
c) It is taboo for a child to discuss financial matters with parents, except, in certain communities. 
d) Taking up part time jobs are still frowned upon

Some of you may feel this doesn't make sense. How can little children be financially literate?

Let us look at what happens in the United Kingdom:

An organization called Personal Financial Education Group (Pfeg) organizes My Money Week.

This is what it does:



Pfeg has reached more than 2.5 million students since 2008. These students have shown a marked improvement in both financial knowledge and skills. Fashion shows, Youth Parliaments, Dramas, Debates and community economy projects have been used to educate young people.

However all is not lost for Indian students.

Interestingly in 2012, RBI came up with a draft to improve financial literacy in Indian schools: https://goo.gl/JyV7gY The list of topics covered seemed quite exhaustive and one can go through the draft in detail. Raghuram Rajan also spoke about spreading financial literacy in 2016.
Indian schools will take a few more years to warm up to the concept of spreading financial literacy and the initial baby steps will not teach children about the long term benefits of investing.

In the interim it would be great if atleast those parents who are aware about the long term value of investing encourage their children to understand the benefits of investing. A demat account can be opened in the name of a minor by its natural guardian provided the latter is atleast 18 years old.

Let us assume you create a demat account for your child by the time she is three and begin investing Rs 500 per month. By the time she is 12, she could invest this amount as children of most people reading this article would be getting a lot more than Rs 500 as pocket money by the time they are 12.

When the child is 20, she could earn:

At a CAGR of 15%, one can earn a corpus of Rs 4.7 lakhs
At a CAGR of 20%, one can earn a corpus of Rs 8.5 lakhs
At a CAGR of 25%, one can earn a corpus of Rs 16.19 lakhs

According to this article, Birla Sun Life Equity Fund has offered close to 20% returns over 15 years.

Imagine completing formal education with a corpus of Rs 16 lakhs. Not bad eh?

The standard disclaimer: Mutual funds are subject to market risk. Please read the offer document before investing

The important disclaimer: You are inviting inflation to destroy you if you dont invest in equity for the longer term.

Sunday, January 22, 2017

25 Ways to earn Passive Income



Most of us depend on one stream of income - Our salaries. And quite a few of us work very hard for it. I have so many friends who earn between Rs 50,000 (About $750) and Rs 1,00,000 (About $ 1470) by working for close to 60 hours a week.

Consider this scenario:


  • Assume that one is earning an average salary of Rs 75,000 ($1100) 
  • To earn this income, one has to work 240 hours per month (60 hours per week)
  • There are 732 hours in a month.

This means, this person is earning Rs 312 per every working hour ($5) and Rs 102 ($1.5) for every hour (non working + working hours)

And mind you most of them are post graduates.

Just imagine. After studying for 22 years, one just gets Rs 102 per hour.

Do you think this is impressive?
Even if one gets promoted, there will always be a cap on the earnings per hour.
Well, I think one can do much better. Not only in terms of earning more but working less.
This is where our education system has failed us. We weren't taught the basics of financial planning. But that is a story for another day.

Today's post is about the different ways in which one can earn passive income. Creating and building passive income streams is difficult, tiresome and takes a long time. However, if one can invest 22 years to earn just Rs 102 per hour, one can surely invest half of that time in building income streams which will not only be much more than Rs 102 per hour but also keep increasing progressively.

Here are 25 ways to help build passive income over a decade:



1) Invest in stocks that offer healthy and regular dividend payouts: Read about this family. They have been investing in the stock market for more than 100 years. Their earnings through dividends are close to 16 crores ($ 2.35 million) ! Just imagine. Even if you don't get out of bed for an entire year, you earn Rs 16 crores. TAX FREE. Although it would take a really long time to achieve this stage, you can begin by investing around a lakh per year in stocks which offer a dividend yield of around 3% to 4%. This means in an year you would earn around Rs 3 to 4 thousand. You can reinvest this money back in stocks. Over a period of time, as the share price goes up, your earnings would also increase. Quite possible that in 5 years, your dividend earnings at atleast Rs 6,000 per year. You can either start an SIP of Rs 500 per month or pay out your health insurance premium with this amount.



2) Create a blog and earn through Google Adsense: As of 2013, it was estimated that there were more than 152 million blogs. Earning through blogging is becoming extremely competitive, yet there is huge potential for blogging about a niche topic. Are you an expert on any topic? Or passionate about it? Create a blog and start earning! Neil Patel claims to have earned more than a million dollars through his blog.

3) Get a product to sell: Find a manufacturer who is yet to attain a substantial market share. There are several of them who are doing well yet want more business from certain regions. Partner with them and finalize a commission. Start selling their products. You would be surprised how much money you can make in a matter of 3 years.

4) Become a broker: People around you are always looking for the next big opportunity in real estate or wish to trade in the stock markets. Find out how you can become a broker. Brokers who started off 15-20 years back are ruling the roost today.



5) P2P lending: There are so many website today through which you can lend your money at rates which would be higher than what you can earn in a fixed deposit. However, the risk of default in P2P lending is high and the RBI is yet to create guidlines for it in India.

6) Invest in commercial real estate: Rental yield offered by commercial real estate is higher than residential real estate.

7) Invest in a shop: There are several shopkeepers out there who are unhappy with their landlord and are looking to earn higher margins. They know their business inside out. You could invest in their business and tie up with them to earn an appropriate share of profits. This way you would be a passive business owner as well as gradually increase your earnings.



8) Invest in an ATM: Like to get paid every time someone withdraws money? It is possible by investing in an ATM. You can either go for a fixed retainer model or earn a commission on every withdrawal.

9) Write a book: Earlier the publishing industry was very difficult to deal with. However with the advent of Amazon, online publishing has achieved a huge boost.

10) Create a video: It is estimated that by 2020, more than 80% of the content which will be consumed on the internet will be video content. Ask yourself - If you wanted to learn something today would you prefer reading a blog or watching a video? Generate interesting content and put it out there. Start monetizing it.

11) Sell stock photos: You would be amazed to know about the number of websites which are ready to pay you royalty for using your photos. You must not only invest in a good camera but also try to figure out whether you can click pictures which are different from the rest. For example: if you get access to a slaughter house and are able to find beauty in its morbidity, you can be rest assured that not many out there would be clicking such pictures. But there would always be a demand for your images.

12) Cook and sell: Websites such as Watscooking and Zupermeal are looking to get talented chefs on board. If you know to cook or know a close relative who can cook, list on these website and start earning.

13) Install vending machines: Find out all those salons, malls and parlors where people have to wait. Strike a deal with the owner to install your vending machine. This was one of ways by which Warren Buffet made money when he was young.

14) Rent out expensive equipment: Have an expensive camera? Rent it out and make money.

15) Buy a business/website: Flippa allows you to both sell and buy websites and other online businesses. It is easy to find a cash generating monster and buy it off.

16) Get a franchise: Look at the humongous variety of options here. Shortlist the franchise which works for you and start working on it. A woman who owns a courier franchise offered by DTDC in my locality broke even within an year and has been doing very well for the last 36 months.



17) Dropshipping: Strike a deal with a manufacturer to send your goods to wherever you ask them to. Start advertising through Facebook and Google to get customers. Once an order is confirmed inform your manufacturer to supply the same to your customer.

18) Sell on Marketplaces: Source products from Alibaba, Indiamart and other such portals or tie up with a manufacturer who doesn't have online presence. Create your own brand and start selling through marketplaces. Vakilsearch should help you complete all the statutory and compliance requirements for the same.

19) Get certified to sell financial products: Get the relevant certifications to start selling insurance policies and mutual funds. I am aware that people avoid life insurance agents as they would avoid a plague infested rodent. But sell general insurance, health insurance and mutual funds. The demand for these products has always been high and you would be less hated!

20) Sign up with websites which offer projects to freelancers: The younger brother of a friend of mine started to earn close to $1500 per month within 3 months of signing up with these portals. Find what you are good at and start offering these services.

21) Write for websites: These are website where you can write and earn money. You just need to create a PayPal Account to start receiving your income.



22)  Trade in stocks: If you start following the behavior of even large cap shares in the stock market, you would find that they trade within a range. You can take advantage of this and start trading to make money.

23) Offer consulting services to small businesses: Are you a smooth talker? Or are you good at numbers? Or are you a creative genius? There would be some inherent skill within you which you have built over a period of time. Create a nice website which documents your achievements and work (if any) and start approaching small businesses to help them out at a very nominal fee. As your reputation would grow, you would find several referrals coming your way.

24) Generate leads for businesses: Even today there are various businesses which haven't got online. For example various small time builders in many regions of India haven't gone online. Start generating leads for them through Facebook Ads and Search Ads and charge them on a cost per lead model.

25) Open an HR consulting firm: Thanks to Linkedin you know who is hiring - Not only the company but also the recruiter in the company. From your network, it is easy to figure out atleast one candidate for each position. Start a recruitment firm which can pass on candidates to these recruiters. If your referred candidate gets hired, you make money. In most cases, it is the first month's salary of the candidate which can be a handsome amount.

Over a decade if you are able to start, refine and sustain any or all of these ventures, you would find yourself generating passive income which is more than your expenses. And that would mean you have truly become independent.



Sunday, January 8, 2017

Financial tips for an 18 year old



Congratulations! You are finally 18! This means you can get your driver's license, vote and drink liquor (depending on the state where you reside and the type of alcohol you wish to consume!) It also means you can be legally employed and thus earn money.
Now most 18 year olds would be going to college, studying hard for assessments and completing class work.
Yeah right!
Most likely the recently turned adults would be having a good time depending on their definition about it. As I turn 31 I cannot help but wonder what I could have done differently when I was 18.

So here are some thoughts:




 Tip 1 - Get a job: Now this isn’t for those who are pursuing medicine or engineering or any other course which gives you hardly time to breathe. However if you are pursuing any course that gives you some free time during the day, then get a job. Not an internship. But a proper job that pays you money. You will not only start earning but will become comfortable operating your bank account, understand how a company works



       Tip 2 - Start investing in mutual funds: Do you know the greatest advantage that you have is the gift of time. Most individuals begin investing when they turn 28. You have a head start of 10 years. Click here to know how much you can earn by investing just Rs 500 per month for 10 years.

     
       


      Tip 3 - Get yourself a health insurance cover: This makes you truly independent. Suppose you are hospitalized because of one of your (mis)adventures your parents need not foot the bill
         
           


      Tip 4 - Start buying shares: Wouldn’t it feel great to become a co-owner of some of the biggest companies in the world at the young age of 18? Buying stocks enables you to do that. And they also pay you dividends which are tax free. Warren Buffet made his first investment at the age of 11 – something to ponder over. Be open to the idea that you might lose some money as the urge to execute short term trades for quick profits might be too strong. However train yourself to consistently buy stocks of good companies when markets are in red. Acquaint yourself with basic market terminologies and trends. Most importantly learn to figure out fair value of a share.
         
            


      Tip 5 - Create sources of passive income: Shoot videos or create a blog. And keep at it. Many of us stop writing after the initial few posts. Over a period of a decade, it will also become a source of passive income.
         
            


      Tip 6 - Network - Network is Networth: This is a cliched line but is also an axiom. And I don’t mean social network. I mean the real network. How many people do you know apart from your close friends who trust you with your expertise? Will they lend you money when you need it? Will they offer you business if you pitch to them? Will they have confidence in you to refer your services to their network? Start building your network and communicate with them. Technology and social media has made it easy to keep track of one’s special dates. Wish them on their birthdays and anniversaries. Not by writing on their Facebook Walls or sending a Whatsapp message. But call and talk.
    
      And finally, never forget to offer a tip for sincere service which makes you happy.


Monday, January 2, 2017

4 Financial Trends we can look forward to in 2017



2017 has descended upon us and early birds are already scouting for the next big thing. Investors are searching for opportunities and journalists are hunting for stories. Keeping merits and demerits of demonetization apart, 2016 can be seen as a watershed year. As demonetization took us by surprise during the second last month of 2016, large parts of India started adopting digital modes of payment in a big way. It forced many Indians who never even had a simple savings account to start using debit cards. 

This also created huge ripples in the fintech sector. Apart from the usual suspects such as digital wallets and payment gateways getting a huge fillip almost overnight, other areas that were galloping along suddenly seemed poised to achieve a hockey stick growth.

Let us look at some of these upcoming trends which can both be impacted as well as create impact in 2017:

Robo Advisory: 



Did you know that there are 39 robo advisory firms in India? Although none of these companies have a robot managing your financial portfolio, the process of offering financial advice is getting automated. Larger financial groups will also be getting into this sector. For instance, read about my review of Edelweiss's GPS platform. By posing pertinent questions, it makes the entire experience of investing easy and straightforward for a lay investor. 

Bitcoin and Blockchain:



Bitcoin is a new type of digital currency as well as a payment system. As of today, 1 bitcoin equals Rs 69,349.42 Yes, you read that right! Bitcoins have been around for almost 8 years now. I remember a friend who had mined 10 bitcoins in 2011 when it was worth Dollar 1. (Around Rs 57). Since then it has only grown in value.  Bitcoin is also a volatile currency. According to Mark Thomas Williams, bitcoin is seven times more volatile than gold and eighteen times more volatile than the US dollar.

Blockchain is nothing but a public ledger of all the boticoin transactions that have been executed. When demonetization was annnounced it had a huge impact on fledgling bitcoin startups in India.I sure hope my friend hasn't sold off the entire lot! :)

Peer to Peer Lending:



Need a loan or an investment? Neither Banks nor NBFCs nor even your private money lender lending you any money? Shy to ask family or friends? P2P lending is the answer. 
P2P lending connects individuals who are interested in lending directly to those who need the moolah. Presently this sector is highly risky and unregulated. Interestingly RBI released a whitepaper on this nascent industry and proposed to categorize P2P platforms as a type of NBFCs. There are around 30 P2P platforms in the country including Lendbox, Lendenclub, Faircent and i2iFunding.

Electronic/Algorithmic Trading:


Accuracy, Speed, Reduction in costs and Elimination of 'Emotions' are the four advantages of Algorithmic trading. Several traders get highly emotional during trading hours and then rue their decisions. In the US, 90% of trading takes place through algorithms. In India, this number is 2%.
Lack of clarity and consensus amongst market participants including regulators about what exactly can be classified as algorithmic trading is the biggest roadblock.

So what are you betting your money on?


Tuesday, December 27, 2016

Buying a house V/s Renting a house - The difference can cost you Rs 100 Crores!



Recently I had represented Gulakh to an event where a widely popular and reputed fund manager claimed that he stays on rent and has invested all his money in the markets. And mind you, he is married! :P
It was quite a brave call to make especially when one has earned enough to not only afford an house but also earn substantial income from a job as well as from the markets.

Buying a house has always carried sentimental value. Many dream about getting that right job which can enable them to take an EMI and book a house. Even if it is located in the outskirts. As a Mumbaikar, most of us would know somebody or the other who travels atleast four hours a day.

I have always espoused the idea of renting a house rather than buying one.

Let us try to compare both the scenarios:

Scenario A

Consider Mr H who wants to buy a house worth a crore.
For this amount, he is able to afford a 2 BHK in Borivali.
He is earning Rs 90,000 per month and his wife is earning Rs 50,000 per month.
He avails of a loan worth Rs 83,00,000 and together they can comfortably pay an EMI of Rs 75,000 to buy a flat priced at a crore.
I used this to calculate.

Suppose they have to start paying EMI from Dec 2016, I have considered the following assumptions which seem fair:

a) As mentioned earlier, 54% of their incomes is spent on home loan EMI
b) They are able to invest 20% of their income in mutual funds viz is around Rs 28,000. Every year this amount increases by 10%.
c) Their salaries increase year on year by 15% (considering promotions/job changes)
d) The rest is for all their other expenses

Now how will their investment corpus through SIPs look like in December 2026?

Year
SIP/month
2017
28000
2018
30800
2019
33880
2020
37268
2021
40995
2022
45094
2023
49604
2024
54564
2025
60020
2026
66023

Assuming a CAGR of 15% and average SIP/month as Rs 44,624 one may expect this corpus to grow to around Rs 1.24 crores by Dec 2026.

If we are being very favourable, the value of the property could grow by 15% CAGR, which means in Dec 2026 it would be worth Rs 4.045 Crore.
By Dec 2026, close to 75 lakhs still remains to be paid off.

So their networth could be: Rs 4.05 crore + Rs 1.24 crore - Rs 0.75 Crore =  Rs 4.53 crore.
Which would be worth around Rs 2.73 crores as of today considering an inflation rate of  little less than 8%.

QUITE IMPRESSIVE RIGHT?

Scenario B

Mr H and his wife rent a 2 BHK in Chembur (Tilak Nagar).
They pay a rent of close to Rs 35,000.
Since they are paying rent instead of EMI, they not only invest the difference between the EMI and rent (75000 - 35000 = 40,000), but they also invest 20% of their combined salaries.
Now let us assume their increase in salary also takes care of the increase in rent (about 5% year on year. And after a point it will remain stagnant)

Now how will their investment corpus through SIPs look like in December 2026?

Year
SIP/month
SIP/month
Total
2017
28000
40000
68000
2018
30800
40000
70800
2019
33880
40000
73880
2020
37268
40000
77268
2021
40995
40000
80995
2022
45094
40000
85094
2023
49604
40000
89604
2024
54564
40000
94564
2025
60020
40000
100020
2026
66023
40000
106023

The average SIP is Rs 84625.

Now since they were young and didn't buy a house, they decided to be aggressive and invest in a mid cap mutual fund like Birla Sun Life Mid Cap Fund. Since its launch in Oct 2002, it has offered a CAGR of 24.58%.

Now let us assume even a CAGR of 18% to be most conservative.
Over a period of 10 years at a CAGR of 18%, this works out to be Rs 2.84 crores

Over 10 years, Networth in the case of Scenario A = Rs 4.53 Crores
Over 10 years, Networth in the case of Scenario B =.Rs 2.84 Crores


Now let us look at what will happen over a 20 year period in the case of Scenario A.

Year
SIP/month
2017
28000
2018
30800
2019
33880
2020
37268
2021
40995
2022
45094
2023
49604
2024
54564
2025
60020
2026
66023
2027
72625
2028
79887
2029
87876
2030
96664
2031
106330
2032
116963
2033
128659
2034
141525
2035
155678
2036
171245

In 2036 Dec, another Rs 55 lakhs would be outstanding to be paid
At a very optimistic growth of 15%, the flat would be worth Rs 16 crores.
Average SIP would be worth Rs 80,184
Mutual Fund corpus would be worth Rs 12.1 Crores.

The networth is an impressive 16+12.1 = 28.1 - 0.55 = Rs 27.56 Crores.

Now let us look at what will happen over a 20 year period in the case of Scenario B.

Year
SIP/month
SIP/month
Total
2017
28000
40000
68000
2018
30800
40000
70800
2019
33880
40000
73880
2020
37268
40000
77268
2021
40995
40000
80995
2022
45094
40000
85094
2023
49604
40000
89604
2024
54564
40000
94564
2025
60020
40000
100020
2026
66023
40000
106023
2027
72625
40000
112625
2028
79887
40000
119887
2029
87876
40000
127876
2030
96664
40000
136664
2031
106330
40000
146330
2032
116963
40000
156963
2033
128659
40000
168659
2034
141525
40000
181525
2035
155678
40000
195678
2036
171245
40000
211245

Average SIP would be worth Rs 1,24,814
CAGR would be 18% over 20 years (Quite possible as Birla Sun Life Mid Cap Fund has delivered close to Rs 24% during a 20 year old period)
The corpus would be worth Rs 29 Crores.

Over 20 years, Networth in the case of Scenario A = Rs 27.56 Crores


Over 20 years, Networth in the case of Scenario B =.Rs 29 Crores


Now let us look at what will happen over a 30 year period in the case of Scenario A.


Year
SIP/month
2017
28000
2018
30800
2019
33880
2020
37268
2021
40995
2022
45094
2023
49604
2024
54564
2025
60020
2026
66023
2027
72625
2028
79887
2029
87876
2030
96664
2031
106330
2032
116963
2033
128659
2034
141525
2035
155678
2036
171245
2037
188370
2038
207207
2039
227928
2040
250720
2041
275793
2042
303372
2043
333709
2044
367080
2045
403788
2046
444167

In 2046 Dec, the home loan would have been paid for.
At a very optimistic growth of 15%, the flat would be worth Rs 64 crores.
Average SIP would be worth Rs 1,53,527
Mutual Fund corpus would be worth Rs 107 Crores.
Total networth = Rs 64 Cr + Rs 107 Cr = Rs 171 Cr.

Now let us look at what will happen over a 30 year period in the case of Scenario B.

Year
SIP/month
SIP/month
Total
2017
28000
40000
68000
2018
30800
40000
70800
2019
33880
40000
73880
2020
37268
40000
77268
2021
40995
40000
80995
2022
45094
40000
85094
2023
49604
40000
89604
2024
54564
40000
94564
2025
60020
40000
100020
2026
66023
40000
106023
2027
72625
40000
112625
2028
79887
40000
119887
2029
87876
40000
127876
2030
96664
40000
136664
2031
106330
40000
146330
2032
116963
40000
156963
2033
128659
40000
168659
2034
141525
40000
181525
2035
155678
40000
195678
2036
171245
40000
211245
2037
188370
40000
228370
2038
207207
40000
247207
2039
227928
40000
267928
2040
250720
40000
290720
2041
275793
40000
315793
2042
303372
40000
343372
2043
333709
40000
373709
2044
367080
40000
407080
2045
403788
40000
443788
2046
444167
40000
484167

Average SIP would be worth Rs 1,93,528
CAGR would be 18% over 30 years.
The corpus would be worth Rs 277 Crores.

Over 30 years, Networth in the case of Scenario A = Rs 171 Crores


Over 30 years, Networth in the case of Scenario B =.Rs 277 Crores

A GRAND DIFFERENCE OF MORE THAN RS 100 CRORES

So what would you like to do? Rent or buy?